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Session: Musculoskeletal System
Session starts: Thursday 24 January, 10:40
Presentation starts: 11:55
Room: Lecture room 558

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Michiel Oosterwaal ()
Sylvain Carbes ()
Scott Telfer ()
Lodewijk van Rhijn ()
Søren Tørholm ()
Kenneth Meijer ()

Abstract:
Standard gait analysis considers the foot as one rigid segment. While this approach is sufficient when focusing on hips or knees, studies of foot disease and injuries require more detailed models. Several multisegmental foot models have been proposed, up to 11 segments. However to our knowledge no rigid-body biomechanical foot model representing all the 26 foot bones has been developed to this day; neither exists an adequate marker protocol able to provide the relevant motion capture data necessary to construct, validate and use this model. In this study a 26 segments model is developed and used for inverse dynamic simulations. The model contains all intrinsic foot muscles and major plantar ligaments, as well as the needed joints and kinematic constraints to link properly the 26 segments. 25 subjects have been measured via a novel protocol, involving anatomical, biomechanical and clinical measurements. Kinematic and kinetic measurements have been done with 41 reflective markers, force plate and pressure plate. Via inverse dynamics, muscle function and joint reaction is computed using the AnyBody Modeling System (AnyBody Technology A/S, Aalborg, Denmark). A 46 DoF foot and ankle model is developed, based on 1 subject. This model is scaled and validated for the other subjects. The kinematic model is compared with bone pin studies in literature and showed good comparison. Measured talonavicular plantar flexion ROM during gait is 10 degrees and model prediction is 9 degrees. Similarly for calcaneocuboid plantar flexion the measured ROM is 10.5 degrees and model prediction is 8.5 degrees. Kinetic validation using measured EMG data is currently conducted. This study shows the development of a new biomechanical foot and ankle model. Further validation will be performed using CT images of the subjects.